Grapefruit seed extract (GSE) is a substance extracted from grapefruit seeds.
Where is it found?
Grapefruit seed extract is available in liquid concentrate and in capsules and tablets.
Grapefruit seed extract has been used in connection with the following conditions (refer to the individual health concern for complete information):
Who is likely to be deficient?
Grapefruit seed extract is not an essential nutrient and no deficiency states have been reported.
How much is usually taken?
The typical recommendation for the liquid concentrate is 10–12 drops in 6–7 ounces of water one to three times daily. For capsules and tablets containing dried grapefruit seed extract, the usual recommendation is 100–200 mg one to three times daily.
Are there any side effects or interactions?
No side effects are known. The effects of grapefruit seed extract during pregnancy and breast-feeding have not been sufficiently evaluated.
At the time of writing, there were no well-known drug interactions with grapefruit seed extract.

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The information presented in Healthnotes is for informational purposes only. It is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over the counter medication is also available. Consult your doctor, practitioner, and/or chemist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications. Information expires September 2008.
2007-09-01